Ongoing Projects



1) AI for Agriculture and Food Sustainability

Project Overview:

To be added

The following objectives are proposed in this project:

  • Obj 1
  • Obj 2
  • Obj 3

1. Nil
2. Nil

2020 - 2023

Nil


2) AI and Virtual Reality Modelling and Collaborative Learning of Risk and Situational Awareness in the Socio-Technical System Under Disruptions

Project Overview:

WIP

The following objectives are proposed in this project:

  • Obj 1
  • Obj 2
  • Obj 3

1. Nil
2. Nil

2021 - 2024

Nil


3) TribeConnect: Integrated Smart Tribal Eco-Platform -- A Proof of Concept in Chattisgarh

Project Overview:

The aim of this proposed system is to showcase the potential contributions that IoT & AI technologies can make to enhancing sustainable rural livelihoods. The proposed TribeConnect project aims to provide a unified platform for monitoring and sensing, data gathering, inferring and decision-making for various application domains. The main focus is to transform the current tribal village toward a smart full-grown village.

The following objectives are proposed in this project:

  • To develop ICT based Rural Health & Social Care
  • Develop an IoT-based Smart Harvest & Management System
  • To develop a software and hardware prototype to enhance Empowerment & Services

2020 - 2023

Nil


4) Unified Software-Defined Architecture for Industrial Internet of Things

Project Overview:

The IoT technology is envisioned to enable global interconnection between massive numbers of smart devices across a wide-range of wired/wireless networking technologies. Due to increased digitalization efforts, a bulk of such devices are expected to come from the industry forming the Industrial IoT. The evolution of IIoT necessitates the provision of handling massive influx of network traffic generated from the connected devices. The current Internet will play a key role in providing a global interconnection of these devices, which will create greater demand on the underlying network. Consequently, application-specific QoS requirements may not be guaranteed by the current Internet which is designed for best-effort data transmission.

Software-defined network (SDN) introduces programmability and flexibility in the network by separating the data and control planes, which is particularly useful to address the heterogeneity and complexity present in industrial internet of things (IIoT). Software-defined IIoT (SDIIoT) network would be capable of routing the network traffic intelligently, while utilizing underutilized network resources. The flexibility of SDN would simplify network management in terms of information acquisition, decision-making, and policy implementation. However, SDN-based IIoT systems are still in their infancy and face significant challenges such as seamless mobility of users, reliability, and QoS-guaranteed data delivery. To address these challenges, we intend to propose a unified software-defined architecture, in order to have end-to-end orchestration of IIoT services over wired/wireless networks.

The following objectives are proposed in this project:

  • Designing a unified software-defined architecture for IIoT.
  • Designing a protocol for enabling the deployment of policies in both wired and wireless networks.
  • Architecting abstraction mechanisms and fault-tolerant schemes using software-defined networking to enable agile and rapid deployment of various IIoT functions.
  • Investigating the fitness of the proposed IIoT system to a use case relevant to grid automation/utilities/industrial automation networks.

2019 - 2022

Nil


5) Ambulatory Sensing and Point-of-Care Recommendation for IoT-Based Healthcare

Project Overview:

The majority of population in rural centers and Tier 4 and 3 cities in India have to rely on various modes of transportation and makeshift ambulances to reach superspeciality care centers only available in Tier 2 and Tier 1 cities. A huge chunk of cases from Tier 3 and 4 cities, and rural areas are regularly recommended to these super-speciality care centers. Most often, critical cases perish during transportation between these centers due to lack of proper ambulances and medical resources.<.p>

An ambulance-based IoT patient healthcare monitoring system between the primary healthcare centers in Tier-3,4 cities and rural areas to secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities in Tier 1 and 2 cities is proposed. The patients being transferred via these special ambulances would be kept under constant supervision at both the source and destination hospitals throughout their transportation. Additionally, this ambulance-based patient monitoring system will be equipped with smart recommender systems, which, in cases of emergencies during transport, will be able to reroute the ambulance to the nearest hospital or point of care with the requisite infrastructure to immediately handle the patient's affliction. As one of the aims of this work is to provide affordable transportation during medical emergencies, the proposed system will have portable wireless body area networked sensors, which can be placed on the patient, turning any vehicle equipped with this system into a semi-ambulance. However, on the downside, if the vehicle is not a proper ambulance, emergency equipments such as defibrillators, anti-shock kits and oxygen cylinders may not be always available. It is in these cases that the recommender system will be able to minimize the patient's discomfort and ensure his/her safety during transportation. The main features of this system are envisioned to be:

  • Continuous monitoring of various physiological parameters while transported in ambulance: The proposed system utilizes wireless body area sensors and equipment that are mounted on a patient's body to sense various physical stimulations. These nodes collect information and transform them into digital readings.
  • Remote monitoring of patients: This system thrives on advanced wireless communication technology with body sensor nodes as active participants. The gathered information concerning the patient's health is sent to a cloud framework. Healthcare data analytics helps the doctors at the destination hospitals to easily access the analytics and cater any suggestions upon detection of irregularity.
  • Recommender system corpus development: The more is the data content, the better and reliable is the recommendation. The corpus can be acquired from online directory listings, government reports, subscribed hospitals and registered doctors.
  • Reroute the ambulance to the nearest hospital with the requisite infrastructure: According to the patient condition, the immediate equipment requirement for undergoing several tests and their availability with the nearby hospitals would be suggested by the system. With the assistance of route recommender systems (Google maps), the ambulance driver would reroute the same to the nearest hospital.
  • Real-time route planning: In accordance to the healthcare analysis result (how critical is the condition of the patient) the proposed recommender system would re-plan the route. The real-time route planning would also consider the traffic condition. Based on the severe criticality, the driver would be suggested to take the route with less traffic to reach the destination.

    • The proposed system has three main components:

    • GPS-based route planning
    • Traffic congestion control and signal scheduling
    • Rerouting for congestion avoidance

1. Sayantan Chatterjee (Pursuing MS)

2019 - 2022

Nil


6) Fog City: QoS-Aware Resource Management for Smart Cities

Project Overview:

The modern era of technology is witnessing the emergence and evolution of the Internet of Things(IoT), which encompasses billions of smart devices connected over the Internet. These devices generate a high volume of data, which are currently managed within cloud data centers. However, many IoT applications are latency-sensitive and need faster turnaround than what can be provided by the cloud. Fog computing has emerged as a means of providing computation near the data sources (IoT devices) to serve these latency-sensitive applications and reduce the burden on the cloud infrastructure. Therefore, fog computing is the appropriate computing paradigm to support the specific requirements of smart, IoT-based eco-systems, especially smart city applications.

Nonetheless, serving smart city applications using fog data centers induces many challenges. Fog platforms are essentially tiny and resource-constrained data center clusters that are geographically distributed. Therefore, it is important to select the node(s) in a data center suitable to serve an incoming application by meeting its Quality of Service(QoS). In this regard, the existing cloud-based solutions (honey bee approach, biased random sampling, and clustering for data center scheduling are inappropriate because they involve migrating applications between data centers which affects the turnaround time of latency-sensitive applications (such as applications involving vehicular communications, drones, flight control, and traffic monitoring). To address this issue, we propose data center scheduling strategies for smart city applications exclusively in a fog environment.

2018 - 2021

Nil


7) Air Quality Monitoring

Project Overview:

Air pollution has left significant impact on the public health and atmosphere due to some dangerous gases and particulate matters found in the atmosphere. So, there is a dire need towards development of cheap gas sensors for sensing the quality of air in our ambience and at the same time there is a demand for development of air quality monitoring systems and proper monitoring at the user end. This project aims at developing air quality monitoring systems that will be capable of detecting different toxic gases and enable remote monitoring service to check industrial emissions in cities and protect every living species in nature by creating awareness among the public about the quality of air they inhale. The system consists several distributed monitoring stations . Each station is equipped with gas sensors as well as data logging and wireless communication capabilities that communicates with the remote server.Effort will also be made towards optimizing sensing materials and fabrication of gas sensors that are toxic to human health( nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ammonia, sulphur dioxide, acetone, toluene, formaldehyde, hydrocarbons,benzene, ozone, and particulate matter (PM 2.5, PM 10)).

Hiring in process

2018 - 2022

Nil


8) Remote Monitoring and Real-Time Control of Defects in the Friction Stir Welding Process and Preventive Health Monitoring of Friction Stir Welding Machine

Project Overview:

This project proposal is aimed to develop an integrated, unobtrusive, multimodal sensing unit that can coherently acquire sensors' data to be analyzed in a composite engine for descriptive, diagnostic and predictive analyses of machinery condition to optimize and take informed decisions. This technology can be easily implemented in other heavy machinery of the CG sector.

The field of predictive maintenance is expected to see a major boost in the coming years and the heavy industries will share most of the related usage and benefits. As per some analysts, the predictive maintenance market size is expected to grow from USD 1,404.3 million in 2016 to USD 4,904.0 million by 2021, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of more than 25%. The manufacturing vertical is expected to hold the largest market size and the cloud deployment type is expected to grow at the highest rate and IoT platform would be required for the same. TCS TCUP coupled with the TCS research on embedded sensing (including vibration, acoustic, thermal and electrical) will be useful for cloud implementation of IoT and analytics parts of the project. To bring in a set of related innovations, research activities on this technology along with deep learning based approach on different parameters of materials, environment, process and the machine itself (covering predictive maintenance model) with an IoT platform for data acquisition and analytics need to be initiated.

Considering the existing problems, the following objectives are proposed in this project.

  • To create a knowledge base of welding different materials through FSW.
  • To develop a numerical simulation model depicting the material flow during welding with different process parameters.
  • To collect data online from various sensors and correlating these sensors‟ signatures with the quality of the weld. These data to be transported to the cloud for future decision making.
  • To generate a real-time decision alarm from the data stored in the cloud.
  • To develop a feedback control mechanism for real-time corrective measures of weld through changing parameters.
  • To capture the performance of the machine from the sensors‟ signatures giving an alarm for preventive maintenance.
  • To implement the above-mentioned concept on the Internet of Things in other industrial processes and machines.

Hiring in process

2017 - 2022

Nil


9) SAFE: Secure and Usable IoT Ecosystem

Project Overview:

The project aims at deploying Internet-of-Things (IoT) platforms to interact with people who require continuous healthcare assistance. The deployment covers two different geographical regions with two vertical IoT platforms customized for sociocultural differences. The project will evelop an end-to-end secure and privacy-preserving data collection and processing framework to comply with local regulations. To truly enable interoperability and harness the benefits of IoT, a trusted horizontal framework will be developed to aggregate the sensed data from different IoT platforms semantically; hence, this ecosystem can be used to develop novel applications to empower the user and communities without violating their privacy rights.

Considering the existing problems of ehealthcare services, the following objectives is proposed in this project.

  • Identify and recruit users from two different socio-cultural regions for IoT deployment.
  • End-to-end encrypted platform for secure data collection, transmission, and feedback.
  • User-centric and context-aware data sharing.
  • Data processing and classification.
  • Develop privacy-preserving horizontal IoT ecosystem.

   

Project has no provision for recruiting project staff.

2017 - 2020

Conference :

S. Tahir, and M. Rajarajan, "Privacy-Preserving Searchable Encryption Framework for Permissioned Blockchain Networks", IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain-2018) Halifax, Canada

Y. Rahulamathavan, R. C. Phan, M. Rajarajan, S. Misra and A. Kondoz, "Privacy-preserving blockchain based IoT ecosystem using attribute-based encryption," IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS) 2017 Bhubaneswar, India

A. Mukherjee, S. Misra, P. Mangrulkar, M. Rajarajan, and Y. Rahulamathavan, "SmartARM: A Smartphone-based Group Activity Recognition and Monitoring Scheme for Military Applications", IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS) 2017 Bhubaneswar, India

A. Roy, C. Roy, S. Misra, Y. Rahulamathavan, and M. Rajarajan, "CARE: Criticality-Aware Data Transmission in CPS-Based Healthcare Systems", IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops) 2018 Kansas City, MO, USA



10) Improved Underwater Surveillance Using Experimental Multimedia Sensor Network (UEM)

Project Overview:

The realization of wireless multimedia streaming from underwater environments - fresh water as well as marine environments, from an economic perspective is one of the most challenging domains in the Internet of Things (IoT), which is yet to achieve global standardization due to sparse attempts towards achieving full-edged underwater wireless communication. Various factors in underwater and marine environments such as multipath propagation, limited bandwidth, and channel time variations severely restrict the use of electromagnetic and optical modes of communication, which is considered the primary means of data transmission for terrestrial communications. Electromagnetic waves require large antennas for propagation and optical waves can be easily scattered, making them infeasible for use in underwater communications. Additionally, the changes in the conductivity of water, especially in coastal regions, increase the attenuation of electromagnetic waves during data transmission. Even though acoustic waves are considered the most reliable form of communication in underwater channels, there are many shortcomings associated with them, the principal one being multi-path fading caused by rection and refraction in water due to varying sound speeds at different depths, which results in inter-symbol interference (ISI) on the receiver side. Other critical factors affecting underwater coustic communication include path loss, ambient noise, and propagation delay. Addressing the challenges of underwater acoustic communication requires the adoption of complex modulation schemes and expensive hardware, which are mostly application specific Acoustic communication for underwater environments is a proven and reliable means of achieving wireless communication in these environments. The wireless control and communication between various underwater devices, vehicles and sensor nodes enable the formation of hassle-free, self-organizing and robust networking architectures. The recent rise in the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) is further popularizing the use of acoustic means of communication in underwater environments. However, due to the underwater medium, additional issues such as the effect of passive node mobility and high delay may arise. Also, such network of UMSNs needs to be sparsely deployed in order to maintain cost-effectiveness. Therefore, a scheme is required to form the topology dynamically from the distributed sensor nodes such that the network's lifetime is maximized maintaining optimal connectivity.

1. Firoj Gazi (Pursuing PhD)
2. Anudipa Mondal (Pursuing PhD)

2017 - 2020

Nil


11) An Integrated Autonomous UAV and WSN-based System for Crop Water Management and Crop Condition Monitoring

Project Overview:

Integrating periodic automated Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based centralized wheat, paddy, and vegetable crop stress monitoring with ground-truth verification from field-based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) systems, is the proposed solution for generating unbiased, fast and accurate evaluation of crops (wheat, paddy and others) facing water-stress and in need of immediate attention. This centralized analysis approach would help the farmers as well as various agencies in planning and scheduling irrigation for the crops. Besides irrigation scheduling, crop fertilizer scheduling and detection of diseases can also be integrated with the system. In cases of crop damage or failure due to natural calamities, this method can be used for crop damage assessment in a fast, precise, cheap and efficient manner. Additionally, as the UAVs are automated and centralized, a geo-fence feature by making use of the UAV’s on-board GPS can be easily incorporated to avoid no-fly zones and avoid potential security risks.

Objectives

  • Development of an autonomous UAV aerial imagery platform.
  • Formulation and development of image-based analytics for crop water stress detection and intelligence for placement of ground-sensor nodes.
  • Formulation and development of centralized image-based analytics for crop damage assessment due to various natural causes.

Final outcome and deliverables

  • Automated UAV imagery based crop monitoring system.
  • Image-based crop water stress detection system.
  • UAV- Ground WSN based crop stress localization system.
  • Irrigation scheduling system.
  • Crop damage assessment and analytics framework.

1. Rituparna Saha (Pursuing PhD)
2. Sudesh Singh Choudhary

2017 - 2020

Nil


12) Development of Digital Mine using Internet of Things

Project Overview:

The project aims to develop a digital mine monitoring system using IoT that will make underground mine safer and increase the growth of production. The objective is to develop an integrated monitoring system for detecting hazardous gases, strata monitoring and strata fall prediction, mine fire detection, mine temperature, pressure, and humidity monitoring.

The total coal reserve in India is approximately 264.535 billion tonnes. India has total 556 coal mines in which 164 opencast and 359 underground mines and 33 mixed mines. Underground mines are unsafe for miners working in the underground. Many accidents occur in underground mines because of suddenly increases hazardous gases ratio, roof, and side fall, mine fire etc. are some fatal accidents happen in underground mines and dumpers and trucks in opencast mines. These accidents are gradually increased in underground mines over the years. So monitoring and prediction of the accident are necessary for miners safety and production of coal. So for the growth of production of coal and minimization of accident happen in underground mines is necessary for real-time monitoring of coal mines with the help of virtual developed digital mine using Internet of Things (IoT).

IoT is a technology in which objects are assigned with unique identifiers, and are given the ability to automatically transfer data over the Internet without human-human or human-computer intervention. In this technology, each object is assigned a unique IP address which is capable of transferring data over the network. The data is collected through infrared sensors, geographical information system (GIS), Radiofrequency identifier (RFID), or other information sensing equipment. In mining industry, IOT has a broad application domain, especially in applications, such as personal security scheduling, ventilation safety scheduling, ground comprehensive information, gas information (concentration, pressure and composition), miners positioning information, fault detection, hydrology monitoring, mine pressure, mine temperature, mine humidity, and geo-stress monitoring. IOT based digital mines are developed for information retrieval and information management of mining-related geological information, hazard information, and production information.

Considering the existing problems of ehealthcare services, the following objectives is proposed in this project.

  • Development of a digital mine by uniquely identifying the objects under the mine and locating the same using GIS.
  • Retrieval and management of information related to mining, geological information, hazard information, and production information.
  • Development of real-time mine monitoring system that is capable of detecting rock mass deformation, explosion, mine fire detection, mine temperature, mine humidity, mine pressure and similar other dangerous phenomena associated with mines.

    • 1. Minu Tiwari (Pursuing PhD)

    2016 - 2019

    Nil


    Completed Projects



    1) Cloud-Assisted WBAN Based Ubiquitous Healthcare Management System & its Application in Telemedicine (HST)

    Project Overview:

    We propose a healthcare system that would allow ubiquitous monitoring of patient's health continuously across the clock. This system thrives on advanced wireless communication technology with body sensor nodes as active participants. These nodes are mounted on a patient's body, sense physical stimulations, and subsequently transform the same into digital readings. Such wireless body sensor networks (WBANs) are capable of providing remote health monitoring in a ubiquitous manner.

    The flexibility and availability of such healthcare can be increased if it can be provisioned as an on-demand service to patients. Therefore, we envision to acquire and analyze in real-time the physiological data from multiple WBANs integrated with a cloud framework to provide immediate, on-demand medical support through seamless, location independent procedures. The raw health data concerning a patient's health are transmitted to a cloud of healthcare service providers through a middleware. Health data analytics are continuously executed on the raw data to detect any unusual health condition. Detection of irregularity, if any, is notified immediately to the concerned patient. The healthcare teams also analyze the causative factors behind the abnormality and provide some valuable medical suggestions and feedbacks to the respective patients via the middleware.

    Considering the existing problems of ehealthcare services, the following objectives is proposed in this project.

    • Development of Wireless body area networks (WBANs) comprising of multiple body sensor devices.
    • Development of a middleware to link WBANs to a Cloud infrastructure.
    • Development of a database, and real-time data analytic systems in the cloud framework for continuous monitoring of patients and automated healthcare management.
    • Prototype implementation for proof of concepts.

    The developed Web portal in this project is as follows:

    1. Pradyumna Kumar Bishoyi (Pursuing PhD)
    2. Niloy Saha (Pursuing MS)

    May, 2014 - May, 2017.

    Patent Filed :

    1. S. Sarkar, S. Chatterjee, S. Misra, E. A. Ansari, D. Ghatak, S. Sarkar, “A Privacy-Aware Ambulatory Healthcare System Using Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs)”, Indian Patent, File no.: 201631000214, January, 2016.



    2) Development of a Sensor based Networking System for Improved Water Management for Irrigated Crops (WMI)

    Project Overview:

    Over the past decade, India has witnessed a growing scarcity of and competition for water among different users (domestic, municipal, industrial, and environmental purposes). To meet the water demands of other users and to ensure food security of growing population, irrigated agriculture is under severe pressure to use water more efficiently to produce more per drop while protecting the environment. Efficient irrigation water management requires precise information on irrigation demand in near real-time. WSNs are being increasingly used for monitoring root zone soil water status, weather conditions, and nutrient status. These parameters can help in efficient water and nutrient management. However, the presently available soil moisture sensors and WSNs are mostly imported, and they do not provide flexibility in their programming. To avoid these problems and for massive adaptation of this technology by Indian farmers, it is necessary to develop low-cost WSNs, which are useful for agricultural applications.

    Objective of the Project:

    • To develop and test low cost wireless sensing network for irrigation water management.

    The developed Web portal in this project is as follows:

    March, 2014 – March, 2017.

    None



    3) Measurement to Management (M2M): Improved Water Use Efficiency and Agricultural Productivity Through Experimental Sensor Network

    Project Overview:

    Unsustainable exploitation of surface and groundwater resources for irrigation with inefficient management practices has resulted in alarming groundwater depletion in many agriculture-dominated watersheds/regions across India. Improved agricultural productivity via increased efficiency in farm practices, choice of crops, and improved irrigation practices are needed to ensure food and fresh water security for growing population. Furthermore, climate variability (episodic droughts and heat waves) and climate change may further increase irrigation water demands while reducing crop yields in future. We aim to address the two grand challenges identified by the Strategy Formulation Meeting (SFM) of the Information Technology Research Academy (ITRA): 1) technological solutions to water quantity and quality issues, and 2) groundwater quality and quantity management.

    Considering the existing problems of Agricultural Productivity, the following objectives is proposed in this project.

    • To develop an experimental sensor network for monitoring of climate, soil (nutrient and fertilizer), and water conditions during the crop growing seasons at field scales.
    • To develop a regional crop monitoring system using the historic and near real-time remotely sensed vegetation index datasets that can monitor crop growth on a weekly basis.
    • To develop a hydrologic modeling framework at watershed and regional scales that can provide estimates of weekly soil moisture (drought maps), evapotranspiration, runoff, and groundwater levels.
    • To use information from experimental sensor network, remote sensing monitoring and sophisticated hydrologic models to develop and test irrigation scheduling and water management system.
    • To evaluate the sensitivity of crop yield towards varying soil, water, and climate conditions taking information of key variables from the field and regional scale monitoring systems that can provide an assessment of potential changes in crop yields and water availability under climatic change conditions.

    March, 2013 - March, 2017.

    Journal :

    1. T. Ojha, S. Misra, N. S. Raghuwanshi, "Wireless Sensor Networks for Agriculture: The State-of-the-Art in Practice and Future Challenges", Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 118, pp. 66-84, 2015.[Featured as one of the most downloaded article in this journal]

    Conference :

    1. T. Ojha, S. Bera, S. Misra, and N. S. Raghuwanshi, "Dynamic Duty Scheduling for Green Sensor-Cloud Applications," in Proc. IEEE CloudCom, pp. 841-846, Singapore, December 2014.




    Project Overview:

    SE VLabs Research analysis manifest clear trends of growing interest of the Computer Science students towards e-learning. To keep this trend as well as the pace with the rapid advancement of software technologies the "Software Engineering Virtual Lab" has been developed. This lab attempts to provide basic concepts to the students on a wide range of topics including Requirements analysis, ER modeling, identification of domain classes, use-case diagrams, designing a test suite. Ample illustrations and simulations are used to reinforce ones understanding. Once concepts are clear, a set of exercises given on the concerned topics would help the students to evaluate themselves and their progress of learning. The main focus is to enable the students to interact with the "virtual" teacher in an effective and efficient manner compared to how they would do in a real lab on the subject.

    1. Barun Saha (Pursuing PhD)
    2. Tuhin Chakroborty (MS Awarded)


    May, 2010 - Mrach, 2017.

    None




    Project Overview:

    ANT VLabs Research analysis manifest clear trends of growing interest of the Computer Science students towards e-learning. To keep this trend as well as the pace with the rapid advancement of software technologies the "Advanced Network Technologies Virtual Lab" has been developed. This lab expose students to various advanced topics including Wi-Fi, WiMAX, MANET, WSN, and encourages them to work on related problems in a partially constrained environment. Apart from providing detailed theory on each topic, each "virtual" experiment in the lab has a set of exercises to be solved using remote network simulations. Network Simulator 2 (ns2) and Network Simulator 3 (ns3) have been used for this purpose.

    This virtual lab also offer benefits such as reduced software and hardware costs for setting up an actual advanced network technology lab, improved learning by interactive visualization, and self-learning advanced network technologies in the absence of a real-life instructor. Additionally, the students can learn at their own pace any time and from any place which has a PC with high speed Internet connectivity.

    1. Bibudhendu Pati (PhD Awarded)
    2. Soumen Moulik (PhD Thesis Submitted)
    3. Barun Saha (MS Awarded)
    4. Arijit Roy (MS Awarded, Pursuing PhD)
    5. Sujata Pal (PhD Awarded)
    6. Amit Samanta (Pursuing MS)

    May, 2010 - March 2017.

    Journal :

    1. B. K. Saha, S. Misra, and M. S. Obaidat, "A web-based integrated environment for simulation and analysis with NS-2," IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 20, no. 4, pp.109--115, August 2013. (Feature article)

    Conference :

    1. B. Pati, S. Misra, B. K. Saha, "Advanced network technologies virtual lab: a human-computer interface for performing experiments on wireless sensor networks," in Proc. 2012 4th International Conference on Intelligent Human Computer Interaction (IHCI), Kharagpur, India, pp. 1--4, December 2012.



    6) An Indigenous Framework for Authenticity, Integrity and Non-Repudiation in Data Communication (FND)

    Project Overview:

    Implementation of certificate based infrastructures like PKI is computationally expensive and its practicality associates many potential difficulties due to the complexity in framework. Use of this type of framework in defence applications to safeguard the confidential data to ensure Authenticity, Integrity, and Non-Repudiation is very difficult. It is an expensive solution as it involves cost to deploy a third party mediator. PKI can also be a security risk in case the private key is compromised. Regular seeking of revocation list leads to flooding, transaction delays and power consumption. Digital signatures have been proposed as an effective solution for non-repudiation in electronic transactions such as e-tendering and e-filing of income tax returns and e-commerce solutions throughout the world. However, while integrating with PKI, several factors arise in our mind, which pulls back the implementation of PKI.

    Using an Identity based cryptosystems removes the need of certificates and the complexities of certificate management, their storage and distribution, and revocation strategies. The naming problems that exist in PKI are not solved simply by using an identity based cryptosystem. Designing this type of cryptosystem is not an easy exercise as there is no straight mapping mechanism to turn a public key cryptosystem into an identity based cryptosystem.

    Considering the existing problems in the frameworks for security, the following objectives are proposed in this project.

    • To develop a state-of-the-art, secure, scalable, real-time, automated and economical solution for data authentication, integrity and non repudiation in generally and provide these features for a defence network in particular.
    • To develop a framework that will be integrated with time stamping and resilient to replay attack.
    • To analyze in detail the different data authentication protocols in use.
    • To design, analyze and test the proposed solution on a smaller scale and then design solutions for scaling it up for larger networks.
    • To perform simulation studies, laboratory test-bed and trials for proof of the said solutions.

    1.Samaresh Bera (Pursuing PhD)
    2.Sumana Maiti (Pursuing PhD)
    3.Aishwariya Chakraborty (Pursuing MS)
    4.Prajnamaya Dass (Pursuing PhD)

    March, 2015 - March, 2018.

    None



    7) Adaptive Learning-Based Fault Tolerant Routing in Wireless Adhoc and Sensor Networks (ALB)

    Project Overview:

    The development of highly flexible and intelligent networks, which offers large amounts of bandwidth-on-demand, is required for broadband communications over dynamically changing networks. This will enable the delivery of multimedia communications instantly and transparently anytime and anywhere. WASN, which have relatively recently gained popularity due to reasons such as their infrastructure-less setup and administration, ease and low-cost of deployment, have the potential to significantly contribute to this goal. Ad hoc networks are of different types – mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) have mobile nodes, ad hoc wireless sensor networks (WSN), in which the nodes are sensors capable of sensing various environmental information and other events around them. The sensor networks can also have either stationary or mobile nodes in them.

    In typical WASN, especially in MANETs, there is a cooperative engagement of nodes with potential for continuous change in infrastructures, without the requirement for the presence of centralized network managers, access points, fixed base stations, or a backbone network for controlling the network management functions. They do not possess designated routers for making routing decisions. All nodes in such networks take part in routing by acting as routers for one another. However, several hops are normally needed in such networks for transmission of data from one node to another because of the limited wireless transmission range of operation of the mobile nodes.

    The above-mentioned characteristics of WASN, particularly those arising due to the mobility of nodes (if any), and the potential for continuously changing network infrastructures in the absence of centralized network managers and access points, pose several challenges. It is typical that the routes that were once considered to be the "best", may no longer remain the same at a later time instant. This, therefore, requires a continuous re-computation of routes, and there is no permanent convergence to a fixed set of routes in such networks. This makes it challenging to learn the optimum set of routes. So, any routing protocol that needs to operate in WASN network environments should take these issues into consideration.

    1. Judhistir Mahapatro (PhD Awarded)
    2. Nabiul Islam (PhD Awarded)

    2010 - 2013.

    None



    8) Development of Feasibility Assessment Model for Adaptation of Underground Coal Gasification Technology in the North-East Region of India(AUC)

    Project Overview:

    North-East Region has significant coal reserves and geological conditions are conducive for underground coal gasification (UCG). Due to very difficult geo-mining conditions, the exploration of these reserves faces acute problems. The mining constraints are mainlyinconsistent seam structure, high inclination, gassiness, weak strata, proneness to self heating,poor slope stability, high and prolonged rain fall, soil erosion and environmental degradation etc.

    The UCG is a promising technology as it is a combination of mining, exploitation and gasification. The main motivation for moving toward UCG as the future coal utilizing technique is the environmental and other advantages (low cost method, no surface disposal of ash and coal tailings, include increased worker safety, low water consumption low methane emission to atmosphere etc.) over the conventional mining process.

    Considering the existing problems of underground coal mines, the following objectives is proposed in this project.

    • Developing Sensor Network based system to support a gas monitoring and power-cut- off system for underground coal mine and providing audio-visual alarm and automatic power cut-off of the underground mine when concentration of a particular gas exceeds its permissible limit.
    • Developing Sensor Network based system and based on sensor data develop a mathematical model for evaluating methane gas content in the selected coal deposits and feasibility assessment for adaptation of underground coal gasification (UCG) technique.
    • Evaluation of appropriate UCG technologies based on site specific conditions and cost- benefit analysis.
    • Web-enabling of the information, data-base and mathematical model for utilization by different investors to implement UCG technology in the North-East Region of India.

    June, 2011 - 2014.

    None



    9) Towards Robust Efficient and Secure Data Acquisition in Underwater Sensor Networks (TRE)

    Project Overview:

    Under the surface of water, networks of sensors can be used for different applications such as submarine monitoring, oil exploration, seismic monitoring and ocean mapping. Data acquisition scheme for those applications using underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) faces many challenges due to dynamic behavior of aquatic environment and acoustic communication. These behaviors include the varying levels of salinity, temperature and pressure under the surface of water, large and variable propagation delay, node mobility due to underwater current, frequent loss of connection among the nodes, very less bandwidth for communication, ambient noise of marine life, and error prone communication medium. Therefore, in this project we have scoped down our work to the investigation of the following issues.

    • Development of a robust architecture for UWSN.
    • Design and Development of a UWSN simulator.
    • Designing delay, disruption and fault tolerant routing protocols for UWSN.
    • Identification of the different types of security attacks in UWSNs and designing security protocols for defense against DoS (Jamming) attacks in UWSN.

    Two simulators are developed in this project. These are as follows:

    1. Goutam Mali (PhD Awarded)
    2. Amit Kumar Mandal (PhD Awarded)
    3. Manas Khatua (PhD Awarded)
    4. Tamoghna Ojha (MS Awarded)
    5. Pushpendu Kar (PhD Awarded)

    March, 2010 - February, 2013

    Journals :

    1. S. Misra, T. Ojha, A. Mondal, "Game-theoretic Topology Control for Opportunistic Localization in Sparse Underwater Sensor Networks", IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (Accepted on July 6, 2014).

    2. A. Mandal, S. Misra, M. K. Dash, T. Ojha, "Performance Analysis of Distributed Underwater Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks Systems in the Presence of Internal Solitons", International Journal of Communication Systems (Wiley) (Accepted on July 5, 2014).

    3. M. Khatua and S. Misra, "CURD: Controllable reactive jamming detection in underwater sensor networks", Pervasive and Mobile Computing (Elsevier),Vol. 13, pp. 203–220, 2014.

    4. T. Ojha, M. Khatua, and S. Misra, "Tic-Tac-Toe-Arch: A Self-organizing Virtual Architecture for Underwater Sensor Networks", IET Wireless Sensor Systems, 2013.

    5. S. Misra, S. Dash, M. Khatua, A. V. Vasilakos, and M. S. Obaidat, "Jamming in Underwater Sensor Networks: Detection and Mitigation," IET Communications, 2012, (Accepted for publication).

    Conferences :

    1. A. K. Mandal, S. Misra, and M. K. Dash, "Effect of near-surface bubble plumes on acoustics signal used in UWACNs", In proceedings of IEEE IWCMC, Cagliari, Italy, July 2013.

    2. A. K. Mandal, S. Misra, and M. K. Dash, "Stochastic modeling of internal wave induced acoustic signal fluctuation and performance evaluation of shallow UWANs", In proceedings of ICC SCPA, Budapest, Hungary, June 2013.

    3. T. Ojha, and S. Misra, "HASL: High-Speed AUV-Based Silent Localization for Underwater Sensor Networks", In proceedings of QShine, Noida, India, January 2013.

    4. M. Khatua and S. Misra, "Exploiting Partial-Packet Information for Reactive Jamming Detection: Studies in UWSN Environment", In proceedings ICDCN, TIFR, Mumbai, January 3-6, 2013.

    5. S. Misra and M. Khatua, "Cross-Layer Techniques and Applications in Wireless Sensor Networks", In H. F. Rashvand and Y. S. Kavian (Eds.), Using Cross-Layer Techniques for Communication Systems, pp. 94-119, 2012, USA, IGI Global.

    6. S. Misra and A. Ghosh, "The Effects of Variable Sound Speed on Localization in Underwater Sensor Networks", In proceedings ATNAC, Australia, Nov. 9-11, 2011.

    Book or book Chapter :

    1. S. Misra and M. Khatua, "Cross-Layer Techniques and Applications in Wireless Sensor Networks", In H. F. Rashvand and Y. S. Kavian (Eds.), Using Cross-Layer Techniques for Communication Systems, pp.94-119, 2012, USA, IGI Global.



    10) Target Tracking in Distributed Wireless Sensor Networks in the Presence of Misbehaving Nodes (WPM)

    Project Overview:

    Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) find many real life applications including target tracking for different purposes such as surveillances, wild life tracking and military applications. The problem of target tracking is fundamentally concerned with keeping a track on the movement of a target and its location within the field at different intervals of time. One of the fundamental requirements from such a WSN deployed for target tracking is to have efficient cooperation and collaboration among the different sensor nodes. In real life it may happen so that some nodes fail to do so, either intentionally or non-intentionally. It is, therefore, a challenging task to identify such misbehaving nodes and take proper decisions even in their presence. Target tracking over a given region could involve two broad scenarios: (a) Tracking a single target and (b) Tracking multiple targets at the same time. The problems in either scenario become even more challenging when the realism of the presence of misbehaving nodes is seeded into these problems. The objectives of the project are as follows:

    • Tracking a single target in WSNs without considering misbehavior or nodes
    • Tracking a single target in presence of misbehaving nodes
    • Multiple target tracking without considering misbehavior of nodes
    • Multiple target tracking in the presence of misbehaving nodes

    December, 2011 - Juanuary, 2014.

    None